{"id":248,"date":"2026-03-26T15:20:39","date_gmt":"2026-03-26T15:20:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hi-posts.com\/vn\/acceptance-criteria-prevent-scope-creep\/"},"modified":"2026-03-26T15:20:39","modified_gmt":"2026-03-26T15:20:39","slug":"acceptance-criteria-prevent-scope-creep","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.hi-posts.com\/vn\/acceptance-criteria-prevent-scope-creep\/","title":{"rendered":"H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn C\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng: Ti\u00eau ch\u00ed Ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn Ng\u0103n Ch\u1eb7n S\u1ef1 M\u1edf r\u1ed9ng Ph\u1ea1m vi"},"content":{"rendered":"
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\"Chibi-style<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n

S\u1ef1 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng ph\u1ea1m vi l\u00e0 k\u1ebb gi\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ea7m l\u1eb7ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y x\u1ea3y ra khi c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch ban \u0111\u1ea7u m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1ec1 th\u1eddi gian, ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch ho\u1eb7c ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c. Trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng, hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 ‘ch\u1ec9 th\u00eam m\u1ed9t t\u00ednh n\u0103ng nh\u1ecf n\u1eefa’ m\u00e0 t\u00edch t\u1ee5 theo th\u1eddi gian. Bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ph\u00f2ng th\u1ee7 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y n\u1eb1m \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ti\u00eau ch\u00ed ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn. Nh\u1eefng ti\u00eau ch\u00ed n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n l\u00e0 danh s\u00e1ch ki\u1ec3m tra th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m; ch\u00fang l\u00e0 h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 tri\u1ec3n khai. Khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch, ch\u00fang t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ranh gi\u1edbi b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n c\u1ee7a s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ea7u ra \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng.<\/p>\n

B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 c\u00e1c c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf vi\u1ebft c\u00e1c ti\u00eau ch\u00ed ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc. Ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd xem x\u00e9t c\u00e1ch x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c ranh gi\u1edbi r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y s\u1ef1 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c v\u00e0 duy tr\u00ec s\u1ef1 t\u1eadp trung xuy\u00ean su\u1ed1t v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ti\u00eau ch\u00ed ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn, c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i nh\u00f3m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u s\u1ef1 m\u01a1 h\u1ed3 v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n.<\/p>\n

Hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 C\u00e1c Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m C\u1ed1t l\u00f5i \ud83e\udde0<\/h2>\n

Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111i s\u00e2u v\u00e0o c\u00e1c c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef. M\u1ed9t c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng ghi l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t y\u00eau c\u1ea7u t\u1eeb g\u00f3c nh\u00ecn c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng. Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, n\u00f3 tu\u00e2n theo \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng: \u201cL\u00e0 m\u1ed9t [vai tr\u00f2], t\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n [t\u00ednh n\u0103ng], \u0111\u1ec3 [l\u1ee3i \u00edch].\u201d Tuy nhi\u00ean, m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n \u0111\u01a1n l\u1ebb th\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u00e1 m\u01a1 h\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ho\u1eb7c ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c ti\u00eau ch\u00ed ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn l\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ea7y kho\u1ea3ng tr\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y. Ch\u00fang l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n m\u00e0 t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh. Nh\u1eefng ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u n\u00e0y \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a ‘\u0111\u00e3 xong’ cho m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ch\u00fang, vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n s\u1ebd ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft ng\u1ea7m, v\u1ed1n kh\u00e1c nhau gi\u1eefa t\u1eebng ng\u01b0\u1eddi. C\u00e1c ti\u00eau ch\u00ed r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng s\u1ebd lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

T\u1ea1i sao S\u1ef1 M\u1edf r\u1ed9ng Ph\u1ea1m vi X\u1ea3y ra<\/h3>\n

S\u1ef1 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng ph\u1ea1m vi kh\u00f4ng x\u1ea3y ra m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u00ecnh c\u1edd. Th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i:<\/p>\n

    \n
  • Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u M\u01a1 h\u1ed3:<\/strong>Khi m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 ban \u0111\u1ea7u d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb hi\u1ec3u theo nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1ch, c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan s\u1ebd cho r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng h\u1ecd ch\u01b0a th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bao g\u1ed3m.<\/li>\n
  • Thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u01afu ti\u00ean:<\/strong>\u0110i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng thay \u0111\u1ed5i, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u m\u1edbi l\u00e0m gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n lu\u1ed3ng ban \u0111\u1ea7u.<\/li>\n
  • Thi\u1ebfu Ranh gi\u1edbi:<\/strong>Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u1ec1 ‘trong ph\u1ea1m vi’ v\u00e0 ‘ngo\u00e0i ph\u1ea1m vi’, m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ec1u c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c nh\u01b0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00eam v\u00e0o.<\/li>\n
  • Kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch Truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng:<\/strong>Nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec3u l\u1ea7m gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan kinh doanh v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng k\u1ef3 v\u1ecdng kh\u00f4ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf.<\/li>\n
  • B\u1ecdc V\u00e0ng (th\u00eam t\u00ednh n\u0103ng kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft):<\/strong>L\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh vi\u00ean th\u00eam c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng b\u1ed5 sung \u0111\u1ec3 g\u00e2y \u1ea5n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, cho r\u1eb1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 mang l\u1ea1i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u t\u1eeb b\u00ean li\u00ean quan.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    C\u00e1c ti\u00eau ch\u00ed ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 nh\u01b0 \u0111i\u1ec3m neo. Ch\u00fang bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 cu\u1ed9c th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u. \u0110\u1ea7u t\u01b0 ban \u0111\u1ea7u n\u00e0y gi\u00fap ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eddi gian sau n\u00e0y khi c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i c\u1eaft b\u1edbt ho\u1eb7c s\u1eeda l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng.<\/p>\n

    \u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a C\u00e1c Ti\u00eau ch\u00ed Ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn Hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u2705<\/h2>\n

    Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i m\u1ecdi ti\u00eau ch\u00ed n\u00e0o c\u0169ng gi\u1ed1ng nhau. \u0110\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n s\u1ef1 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng ph\u1ea1m vi, c\u00e1c ti\u00eau ch\u00ed ph\u1ea3i c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Nh\u1eefng ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u m\u01a1 h\u1ed3 nh\u01b0 ‘h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u1ea3i nhanh’ l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7. Ch\u00fang d\u1ec5 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn tranh c\u00e3i v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 ch\u1ee7 quan.<\/p>\n

    M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh INVEST<\/h3>\n

    M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng, c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc INVEST h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ti\u00eau ch\u00ed:<\/p>\n

      \n
    • \u0110\u1ed9c l\u1eadp:<\/strong>C\u00e1c ti\u00eau ch\u00ed kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c c\u00e1c c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n kh\u00e1c ph\u1ea3i ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh tr\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/li>\n
    • C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng:<\/strong>C\u00e1c chi ti\u1ebft c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn, nh\u01b0ng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i v\u1eabn gi\u1eef nguy\u00ean.<\/li>\n
    • C\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb:<\/strong>C\u00e1c ti\u00eau ch\u00ed ph\u1ea3i mang l\u1ea1i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng ho\u1eb7c doanh nghi\u1ec7p.<\/li>\n
    • C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u01b0\u1edbc l\u01b0\u1ee3ng:<\/strong> \u0110\u1ed9i nh\u00f3m ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u01b0\u1edbc l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c ti\u00eau ch\u00ed.<\/li>\n
    • Nh\u1ecf:<\/strong> C\u00e1c ti\u00eau ch\u00ed l\u1edbn c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia nh\u1ecf th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea7n nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n, d\u1ec5 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd.<\/li>\n
    • C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed:<\/strong> Ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c minh xem c\u00e1c ti\u00eau ch\u00ed c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng hay kh\u00f4ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      Vi\u1ebft c\u00e1c ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng<\/h3>\n

      C\u00e1c ti\u00eau ch\u00ed hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. Ch\u00fang tr\u00e1nh d\u00f9ng c\u00e1c t\u00ednh t\u1eeb ng\u1ee5 \u00fd ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a r\u00f5. Thay v\u00ec \u201cth\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng,\u201d h\u00e3y d\u00f9ng \u201cng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh bi\u1ec3u m\u1eabu trong d\u01b0\u1edbi ba l\u1ea7n nh\u1ea5p chu\u1ed9t.\u201d Thay v\u00ec \u201cb\u1ea3o m\u1eadt m\u1ea1nh,\u201d h\u00e3y d\u00f9ng \u201cm\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00e3 h\u00f3a b\u1eb1ng AES-256.\u201d<\/p>\n

      H\u00e3y xem b\u1ea3ng so s\u00e1nh d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c ti\u00eau ch\u00ed y\u1ebfu v\u00e0 ti\u00eau ch\u00ed m\u1ea1nh. S\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ph\u1ea1m vi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
      Y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1<\/th>\nTi\u00eau ch\u00ed y\u1ebfu (d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb tr\u00e0n ph\u1ea1m vi)<\/th>\nTi\u00eau ch\u00ed m\u1ea1nh (ph\u1ea1m vi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t)<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
      T\u00ednh c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3<\/strong><\/td>\n\u201cB\u1ea3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n n\u00ean tr\u00f4ng t\u1ed1t.\u201d<\/td>\n\u201cB\u1ea3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb b\u1ed1n ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng theo b\u1ed1 c\u1ee5c l\u01b0\u1edbi.\u201d<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      T\u00ednh \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/strong><\/td>\n\u201cTrang web ph\u1ea3i t\u1ea3i nhanh.\u201d<\/td>\n\u201cTrang web t\u1ea3i trong v\u00f2ng 2 gi\u00e2y tr\u00ean k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i 4G.\u201d<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      T\u00ednh \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7<\/strong><\/td>\n\u201cX\u1eed l\u00fd l\u1ed7i.\u201d<\/td>\n\u201cN\u1ebfu API th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i, hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o d\u1ea1ng toast v\u00e0 n\u00fat th\u1eed l\u1ea1i.\u201d<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      T\u00ednh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed<\/strong><\/td>\n\u201c\u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c.\u201d<\/td>\n\u201cD\u1eef li\u1ec7u ph\u1ea3i kh\u1edbp v\u1edbi c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ngu\u1ed3n trong ph\u1ea1m vi sai s\u1ed1 1%.\u201d<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

      Vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c trong vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \ud83e\udd1d<\/h2>\n

      Vi\u1ebft c\u00e1c ti\u00eau ch\u00ed ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 \u0111\u01a1n \u0111\u1ed9c do m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n. N\u00f3 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 tham gia c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i nh\u00f3m. C\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau kinh doanh v\u00e0 nhu c\u1ea7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n

      K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt Ba Ng\u01b0\u1eddi B\u1ea1n<\/h3>\n

      Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m ba g\u00f3c nh\u00ecn c\u00f9ng nhau x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n:<\/p>\n

        \n
      • Nh\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch kinh doanh:<\/strong> T\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o nhu c\u1ea7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng v\u00e0 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb kinh doanh.<\/li>\n
      • L\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh vi\u00ean:<\/strong> T\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o t\u00ednh kh\u1ea3 thi v\u1ec1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p trong tri\u1ec3n khai.<\/li>\n
      • Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed:<\/strong>T\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p bi\u00ean, ki\u1ec3m tra t\u00ednh h\u1ee3p l\u1ec7 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

        Khi ba b\u00ean n\u00e0y c\u00f9ng xem x\u00e9t c\u00e1c ti\u00eau ch\u00ed ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn, nh\u1eefng kho\u1ea3ng tr\u1ed1ng s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n s\u1edbm. M\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t. M\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng xem x\u00e9t tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i. S\u1ef1 ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p s\u1edbm n\u00e0y gi\u00fap ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n s\u1ef1 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng ph\u1ea1m vi b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp ranh gi\u1edbi tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi vi\u1ebft m\u00e3.<\/p>\n

        C\u00e1c bu\u1ed5i tinh ch\u1ec9nh<\/h3>\n

        Tinh ch\u1ec9nh, hay c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 s\u00e0ng l\u1ecdc, l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb c\u00e1c c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng cho c\u00e1c giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n s\u1eafp t\u1edbi. Trong c\u00e1c bu\u1ed5i n\u00e0y, \u0111\u1ed9i s\u1ebd chia nh\u1ecf c\u00e1c c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n l\u1edbn v\u00e0 vi\u1ebft c\u00e1c ti\u00eau ch\u00ed ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn ban \u0111\u1ea7u. \u0110\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 l\u00fac \u0111\u1ec3 ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n m\u1ecdi chi ti\u1ebft, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 l\u00fac c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5.<\/p>\n

        C\u00e1c ti\u00eau ch\u00ed c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh theo m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng s\u00e2u s\u1eafc. Tuy nhi\u00ean, m\u1ed9t khi c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n chuy\u1ec3n sang sprint \u0111ang ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, c\u00e1c ti\u00eau ch\u00ed c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh. Vi\u1ec7c thay \u0111\u1ed5i ti\u00eau ch\u00ed ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn gi\u1eefa sprint l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n ch\u00ednh d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng ph\u1ea1m vi. N\u1ebfu thay \u0111\u1ed5i l\u00e0 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft, n\u00f3 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau sprint v\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c.<\/p>\n

        X\u1eed l\u00fd y\u00eau c\u1ea7u thay \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \ud83d\udd04<\/h2>\n

        S\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh kh\u1ecfi. Th\u00f4ng tin m\u1edbi xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n, \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng thay \u0111\u1ed5i, v\u00e0 nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan c\u0169ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i theo th\u1eddi gian. M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ng\u0103n c\u1ea3n ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd n\u00f3 m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m l\u1ec7ch h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1ef1 \u00e1n.<\/p>\n

        Quy tr\u00ecnh ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t thay \u0111\u1ed5i<\/h3>\n

        Khi m\u1ed9t y\u00eau c\u1ea7u m\u1edbi xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00eam \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n v\u00e0o c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i. Thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, n\u00f3 c\u1ea7n tu\u00e2n theo quy tr\u00ecnh ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t thay \u0111\u1ed5i:<\/p>\n

          \n
        • X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh y\u00eau c\u1ea7u:<\/strong>Ghi ch\u00e9p r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng nh\u1eefng g\u00ec \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u.<\/li>\n
        • \u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng:<\/strong>X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh y\u00eau c\u1ea7u n\u00e0y \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u1ea1m vi hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch.<\/li>\n
        • \u01afu ti\u00ean:<\/strong>Quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh xem y\u00eau c\u1ea7u m\u1edbi c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb h\u01a1n c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i hay kh\u00f4ng.<\/li>\n
        • Ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c h\u00f3a:<\/strong>N\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00ea duy\u1ec7t, c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt l\u1ea1i danh s\u00e1ch c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

          C\u00e1c ti\u00eau ch\u00ed ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y. N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t y\u00eau c\u1ea7u n\u1eb1m ngo\u00e0i c\u00e1c ti\u00eau ch\u00ed hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3, th\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u00ednh n\u0103ng m\u1edbi, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i s\u1eeda l\u1ed7i. S\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t n\u00e0y gi\u00fap c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i n\u00f3i ‘kh\u00f4ng’ ho\u1eb7c ‘ch\u01b0a ph\u1ea3i l\u00fac n\u00e0y’ m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u1ef1 tin. N\u00f3 chuy\u1ec3n cu\u1ed9c tr\u00f2 chuy\u1ec7n t\u1eeb ‘t\u1ea1i sao ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y?’ sang ‘\u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y n\u1eb1m \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u trong danh s\u00e1ch \u01b0u ti\u00ean?’<\/p>\n

          S\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 gi\u1eefa ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed v\u00e0 x\u00e1c minh \ud83e\uddea<\/h2>\n

          C\u00e1c ti\u00eau ch\u00ed ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn l\u00e0 c\u1ea7u n\u1ed1i gi\u1eefa y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed. M\u1ed7i ti\u00eau ch\u00ed c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1nh x\u1ea1 sang m\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed. N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t ti\u00eau ch\u00ed kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, th\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ti\u00eau ch\u00ed h\u1ee3p l\u1ec7.<\/p>\n

          Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean h\u00e0nh vi (BDD)<\/h3>\n

          Nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed9i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00fa ph\u00e1p Given-When-Then \u0111\u1ec3 vi\u1ebft ti\u00eau ch\u00ed. \u0110\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng n\u00e0y th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y s\u1ef1 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u00e0 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed.<\/p>\n

            \n
          • Cho tr\u01b0\u1edbc:<\/strong>B\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh ho\u1eb7c tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i ban \u0111\u1ea7u.<\/li>\n
          • Khi:<\/strong>H\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u1eb7c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n x\u1ea3y ra.<\/li>\n
          • Th\u00ec:<\/strong>K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 ho\u1eb7c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 mong \u0111\u1ee3i.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

            V\u00ed d\u1ee5:<\/p>\n

            \n

            Cho r\u1eb1ng<\/strong>ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng \u0111ang \u1edf tr\u00ean trang thanh to\u00e1n,
            \nKhi<\/strong>h\u1ecd nh\u1ea5p v\u00e0o n\u00fat g\u1eedi m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eadp \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 giao h\u00e0ng,
            \nTh\u00ec<\/strong>h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o l\u1ed7i l\u00e0m n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt tr\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb thi\u1ebfu.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

            \u0110\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u00e1c ti\u00eau ch\u00ed c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. N\u00f3 c\u0169ng ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n s\u1ef1 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng ph\u1ea1m vi b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch bu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 ph\u1ea3i x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec l\u00e0 \u201cth\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng\u201d. N\u1ebfu th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o l\u1ed7i kh\u00e1c \u0111i, ti\u00eau ch\u00ed s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n ch\u1ed7 cho vi\u1ec7c \u201cxem ch\u1eebng \u0111\u1ee7 g\u1ea7n r\u1ed3i\u201d.<\/p>\n

            Nh\u1eefng sai l\u1ea7m ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn c\u1ea7n tr\u00e1nh \u274c<\/h2>\n

            Ngay c\u1ea3 v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng \u00fd \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t, c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 v\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 vi\u1ebft ra c\u00e1c ti\u00eau ch\u00ed k\u00e9m ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. Nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng sai l\u1ea7m n\u00e0y gi\u00fap duy tr\u00ec ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ph\u1ea1m vi ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd.<\/p>\n

              \n
            • Chi ti\u1ebft tri\u1ec3n khai:<\/strong>C\u00e1c ti\u00eau ch\u00ed n\u00ean m\u00f4 t\u1ea3\u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec<\/em>h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u00e0m, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3ic\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c<\/em>n\u00f3 l\u00e0m nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o. Vi\u1ec7c n\u00eau r\u00f5 c\u00e1c b\u1ea3ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ho\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m cu\u1ed1i API trong ti\u00eau ch\u00ed s\u1ebd bu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 ph\u1ea3i tu\u00e2n theo m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea7n thay \u0111\u1ed5i sau n\u00e0y.<\/li>\n
            • Ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh:<\/strong>Kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng bi\u1ebft h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. H\u00e3y n\u00eau r\u00f5 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c.<\/li>\n
            • Thi\u1ebfu c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p bi\u00ean:<\/strong>Ch\u1ec9 t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i su\u00f4n s\u1ebb. S\u1ef1 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng th\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ea9n n\u00e1u trong c\u00e1c ngo\u1ea1i l\u1ec7. \u0110i\u1ec1u g\u00ec x\u1ea3y ra n\u1ebfu m\u1ea1ng b\u1ecb l\u1ed7i? \u0110i\u1ec1u g\u00ec x\u1ea3y ra n\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o qu\u00e1 d\u00e0i?<\/li>\n
            • Qu\u00e1 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf:<\/strong>\u0110\u1eebng vi\u1ebft ti\u00eau ch\u00ed cho c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft ngay b\u00e2y gi\u1edd. D\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng cho t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ph\u1ea1m vi.<\/li>\n
            • B\u1ecf qua c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u phi ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng:<\/strong>Hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t, b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng truy c\u1eadp ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o l\u00e0m ti\u00eau ch\u00ed. Ch\u00fang th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean b\u1ecb c\u1eaft khi th\u1eddi gian b\u1ecb h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

              Ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng \ud83d\udcc8<\/h2>\n

              L\u00e0m sao b\u1ea1n bi\u1ebft c\u00e1c ti\u00eau ch\u00ed ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n \u0111ang ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng? Theo d\u00f5i c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n

                \n
              • T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 l\u1ed7i:<\/strong>T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 l\u1ed7i th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t cho th\u1ea5y c\u00e1c ti\u00eau ch\u00ed r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u00e0 to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n.<\/li>\n
              • T\u1ea7n su\u1ea5t y\u00eau c\u1ea7u thay \u0111\u1ed5i:<\/strong>S\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3m s\u00fat v\u1ec1 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong gi\u1eefa sprint cho th\u1ea5y k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch ban \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n.<\/li>\n
              • T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n:<\/strong>T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh cao cho th\u1ea5y c\u00e1c c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u.<\/li>\n
              • T\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9i:<\/strong>T\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh ng\u1ee5 \u00fd r\u1eb1ng ph\u1ea1m vi c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                Vi\u1ec7c th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean xem x\u00e9t c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ed9i \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. N\u1ebfu t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 l\u1ed7i t\u0103ng, \u0111\u1ed9i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea7n d\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eddi gian h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 tinh ch\u1ec9nh c\u00e1c ti\u00eau ch\u00ed. N\u1ebfu y\u00eau c\u1ea7u thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u0103ng l\u00ean, \u0111\u1ed9i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea7n th\u1ef1c thi ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t thay \u0111\u1ed5i nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

                Nh\u1eefng c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng cho s\u1ef1 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e2u d\u00e0i \ud83c\udfc1<\/h2>\n

                Duy tr\u00ec ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ph\u1ea1m vi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh li\u00ean t\u1ee5c. N\u00f3 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 k\u1ef7 lu\u1eadt t\u1eeb c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9i ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u ti\u00eau ch\u00ed ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tham kh\u1ea3o trong su\u1ed1t d\u1ef1 \u00e1n.<\/p>\n

                Khi m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh, c\u00e1c ti\u00eau ch\u00ed c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem x\u00e9t l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u00fang ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea7u ra cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng, s\u1ef1 ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5. Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u00f3 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng? Vi\u1ec7c tri\u1ec3n khai c\u00f3 sai kh\u00f4ng? V\u00f2ng ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i n\u00e0y c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ti\u00eau ch\u00ed trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai.<\/p>\n

                C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i c\u0169ng n\u00ean xem x\u00e9t \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a v\u1ec1 ‘\u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh’. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p ti\u00eau ch\u00ed r\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n, \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho m\u1ecdi c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n trong sprint. N\u00f3 bao g\u1ed3m ki\u1ec3m tra m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n, ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed, t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u h\u00f3a v\u00e0 s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng tri\u1ec3n khai. Ti\u00eau ch\u00ed ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn l\u00e0 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 v\u1edbi t\u1eebng c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n; \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a v\u1ec1 ‘\u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh’ \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 b\u1ea3n ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n

                B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ec3 vi\u1ebft c\u00e1c ti\u00eau ch\u00ed ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c, c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. H\u1ecd \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c giao \u0111\u00fang v\u1edbi gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb cam k\u1ebft. S\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 n\u00e0y x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ni\u1ec1m tin v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1ecbp \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng.<\/p>\n

                Vi\u1ec7c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng ph\u1ea1m vi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t r\u1ee7i ro t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean trong m\u1ecdi d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u1ea5t y\u1ebfu x\u1ea3y ra. V\u1edbi c\u00e1c ranh gi\u1edbi r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t, c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u1edbng nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng m\u1ea5t ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t. C\u00e1c ti\u00eau ch\u00ed ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 gi\u00fap \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh hi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c. Ch\u00fang bi\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng mong mu\u1ed1n m\u01a1 h\u1ed3 th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o d\u1ef1 \u00e1n v\u1eabn \u0111i \u0111\u00fang h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00e0 trong ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch.<\/p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

                S\u1ef1 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng ph\u1ea1m vi l\u00e0 k\u1ebb gi\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ea7m l\u1eb7ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y x\u1ea3y ra khi c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch ban…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":249,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_title":"Ti\u00eau ch\u00ed ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn gi\u00fap ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng ph\u1ea1m vi trong Agile \ud83d\udee1\ufe0f","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"H\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch vi\u1ebft c\u00e1c ti\u00eau ch\u00ed ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c cho c\u00e1c c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng ph\u1ea1m vi. N\u00e2ng cao chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c giao h\u00e0ng d\u1ef1 \u00e1n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ngay h\u00f4m nay.","inline_featured_image":false,"fifu_image_url":"","fifu_image_alt":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[8],"tags":[6,7],"class_list":["post-248","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-user-story","tag-academic","tag-user-story"],"yoast_head":"\nTi\u00eau ch\u00ed ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn gi\u00fap ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng ph\u1ea1m vi trong Agile \ud83d\udee1\ufe0f<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"H\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch vi\u1ebft c\u00e1c ti\u00eau ch\u00ed ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c cho c\u00e1c c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng ph\u1ea1m vi. 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