{"id":111,"date":"2026-04-07T17:02:35","date_gmt":"2026-04-07T17:02:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hi-posts.com\/cn\/object-oriented-analysis-and-design-guide\/"},"modified":"2026-04-07T17:02:35","modified_gmt":"2026-04-07T17:02:35","slug":"object-oriented-analysis-and-design-guide","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.hi-posts.com\/cn\/object-oriented-analysis-and-design-guide\/","title":{"rendered":"\u9762\u5411\u5bf9\u8c61\u5206\u6790\u4e0e\u8bbe\u8ba1\u8be6\u89e3\uff1a\u4e3a\u521d\u5b66\u8005\u62c6\u89e3\u590d\u6742\u672f\u8bed"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u5728\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5f00\u53d1\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u7ba1\u7406\u590d\u6742\u6027\u662f\u9762\u4e34\u7684\u6700\u5173\u952e\u6311\u6218\u3002\u968f\u7740\u7cfb\u7edf\u89c4\u6a21\u548c\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u4e0d\u65ad\u589e\u957f\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u6784\u5efa\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u53d8\u5f97\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u9762\u5411\u5bf9\u8c61\u5206\u6790\u4e0e\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff08OOAD\uff09\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u57fa\u7840\u65b9\u6cd5\u8bba\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u7ec4\u7ec7\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u5b83\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5728\u6570\u5b57\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u5efa\u6a21\u73b0\u5b9e\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u672c\u6307\u5357\u63a2\u8ba8\u4e86\u4e0eOOAD\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u539f\u5219\u3001\u6d41\u7a0b\u548c\u672f\u8bed\uff0c\u4e3a\u5e0c\u671b\u7406\u89e3\u8fd9\u4e00\u91cd\u8981\u5b66\u79d1\u7684\u521d\u5b66\u8005\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u6e05\u6670\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7406\u89e3OOAD\u5e76\u4e0d\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5b66\u4e60\u67d0\u4e2a\u7279\u5b9a\u5de5\u5177\u6216\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u3002\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u601d\u7ef4\u65b9\u5f0f\u7684\u8f6c\u53d8\u3002\u5b83\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5c06\u7cfb\u7edf\u89c6\u4e3a\u4e00\u7ec4\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u52a8\u4f5c\u7684\u5e8f\u5217\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u89c6\u89d2\u7684\u8f6c\u53d8\u4f7f\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u80fd\u591f\u6784\u5efa\u51fa\u6a21\u5757\u5316\u3001\u53ef\u7ef4\u62a4\u4e14\u53ef\u6269\u5c55\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u65e0\u8bba\u4f60\u662f\u5f00\u53d1\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c0f\u578b\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u6784\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5927\u578b\u4f01\u4e1a\u7ea7\u5e73\u53f0\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u539f\u5219\u90fd\u4fdd\u6301\u4e00\u81f4\u3002<\/p>\n

\n
\"Kawaii-style<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n

\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u9762\u5411\u5bf9\u8c61\u5206\u6790\u4e0e\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff1f \ud83e\udde9<\/h2>\n

\u9762\u5411\u5bf9\u8c61\u5206\u6790\u4e0e\u8bbe\u8ba1\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5f00\u53d1\u65b9\u6cd5\u8bba\u3002\u5b83\u4e13\u6ce8\u4e8e\u8bc6\u522b\u5bf9\u8c61\u53ca\u5176\u76f8\u4e92\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u4ee5\u5b9a\u4e49\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u8be5\u8fc7\u7a0b\u901a\u5e38\u5206\u4e3a\u4e24\u4e2a\u4e3b\u8981\u9636\u6bb5\uff1a\u5206\u6790\u4e0e\u8bbe\u8ba1\u3002<\/p>\n

    \n
  • \u9762\u5411\u5bf9\u8c61\u5206\u6790\uff08OOA\uff09\uff1a<\/strong> \u6b64\u9636\u6bb5\u5173\u6ce8\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u201c\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u201d\u3002\u5b83\u6d89\u53ca\u7406\u89e3\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u5e76\u8bc6\u522b\u95ee\u9898\u9886\u57df\u4e2d\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u6982\u5ff5\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u4ee5\u8868\u793a\u4e1a\u52a1\u903b\u8f91\uff0c\u800c\u65e0\u9700\u5173\u5fc3\u5b9e\u73b0\u7ec6\u8282\u3002<\/li>\n
  • \u9762\u5411\u5bf9\u8c61\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff08OOD\uff09\uff1a<\/strong> \u6b64\u9636\u6bb5\u5173\u6ce8\u201c\u5982\u4f55\u5b9e\u73b0\u201d\u3002\u5b83\u5c06\u5206\u6790\u9636\u6bb5\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u6280\u672f\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u3002\u8fd9\u5305\u62ec\u5b9a\u4e49\u5c06\u7528\u4e8e\u5b9e\u73b0\u9700\u6c42\u7684\u7c7b\u3001\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    \u901a\u8fc7\u5c06\u5206\u6790\u4e0e\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5206\u5f00\uff0c\u56e2\u961f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u7f16\u5199\u4efb\u4f55\u4ee3\u7801\u4e4b\u524d\u786e\u4fdd\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u786e\u5b9e\u89e3\u51b3\u4e86\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u8fd9\u964d\u4f4e\u4e86\u9ad8\u6548\u5730\u6784\u5efa\u9519\u8bef\u4e8b\u7269\u7684\u98ce\u9669\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u6838\u5fc3\u6982\u5ff5\u4e0e\u672f\u8bed \ud83d\udd11<\/h2>\n

    \u8981\u6709\u6548\u5730\u638c\u63e1OOAD\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u7406\u89e3\u5176\u57fa\u672c\u6784\u6210\u8981\u7d20\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6982\u5ff5\u6784\u6210\u4e86\u9762\u5411\u5bf9\u8c61\u601d\u7ef4\u7684\u8bcd\u6c47\u4f53\u7cfb\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u5177\u6709\u666e\u904d\u6027\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u4f7f\u7528\u4f55\u79cd\u5177\u4f53\u6280\u672f\u90fd\u9002\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n

    1. \u5bf9\u8c61\u4e0e\u7c7b \ud83c\udfd7\ufe0f<\/h3>\n

    \u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61<\/strong>\u662f\u73b0\u5b9e\u4e16\u754c\u5b9e\u4f53\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b9e\u4f8b\u3002\u5b83\u5305\u542b\u6570\u636e\u548c\u884c\u4e3a\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u505c\u8f66\u573a\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u8f86\u5177\u4f53\u6c7d\u8f66\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002\u5b83\u5177\u6709\u989c\u8272\u3001\u54c1\u724c\u548c\u578b\u53f7\u7b49\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u542f\u52a8\u3001\u52a0\u901f\u548c\u5239\u8f66\u7b49\u884c\u4e3a\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b<\/strong>\u662f\u521b\u5efa\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u84dd\u56fe\u6216\u6a21\u677f\u3002\u5b83\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u8be5\u7c7b\u578b\u6240\u6709\u5bf9\u8c61\u5171\u4eab\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u8f86\u6c7d\u8f66\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u201cCar\u201d\u7c7b\u5c31\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u4f7f\u6c7d\u8f66\u6210\u4e3a\u6c7d\u8f66\u7684\u7279\u5f81\u3002\u5b83\u89c4\u5b9a\u6240\u6709\u6c7d\u8f66\u90fd\u5177\u6709\u989c\u8272\u548c\u53d1\u52a8\u673a\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u5177\u4f53\u6570\u503c\u4e0d\u540c\u3002<\/p>\n

      \n
    • \u5c5e\u6027\uff1a<\/strong> \u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002\u4e5f\u79f0\u4e3a\u5c5e\u6027\u6216\u5b57\u6bb5\u3002<\/li>\n
    • \u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<\/strong> \u5bf9\u8c61\u53ef\u4ee5\u6267\u884c\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\u3002\u4e5f\u79f0\u4e3a\u51fd\u6570\u6216\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      2. \u5c01\u88c5 \ud83d\udd12<\/h3>\n

      \u5c01\u88c5\u662f\u6307\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\u6346\u7ed1\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5355\u5143\uff08\u7c7b\uff09\u4e2d\u7684\u5b9e\u8df5\u3002\u66f4\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5b83\u9650\u5236\u4e86\u5bf9\u5bf9\u8c61\u67d0\u4e9b\u7ec4\u4ef6\u7684\u76f4\u63a5\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002\u8fd9\u901a\u5e38\u901a\u8fc7\u53ef\u89c1\u6027\u4fee\u9970\u7b26\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n

      \u901a\u8fc7\u9690\u85cf\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u5185\u90e8\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u9632\u6b62\u5916\u90e8\u4ee3\u7801\u4ee5\u65e0\u6548\u65b9\u5f0f\u5bf9\u5176\u8fdb\u884c\u4fee\u6539\u3002\u8fd9\u4fdd\u62a4\u4e86\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u94f6\u884c\u8d26\u6237\u5bf9\u8c61\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u9690\u85cf\u4f59\u989d\u503c\uff0c\u4ec5\u5141\u8bb8\u901a\u8fc7\u5b58\u6b3e\u6216\u53d6\u6b3e\u7b49\u7279\u5b9a\u65b9\u6cd5\u8fdb\u884c\u66f4\u6539\u3002\u8fd9\u786e\u4fdd\u4e86\u4f59\u989d\u5728\u6ca1\u6709\u9002\u5f53\u9a8c\u8bc1\u903b\u8f91\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u4e0d\u4f1a\u53d8\u4e3a\u8d1f\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n

      3. \u62bd\u8c61 \ud83e\udde0<\/h3>\n

      \u62bd\u8c61\u6d89\u53ca\u9690\u85cf\u590d\u6742\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u7ec6\u8282\uff0c\u4ec5\u5c55\u793a\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u5173\u952e\u7279\u5f81\u3002\u5b83\u4f7f\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u80fd\u591f\u4e0e\u9ad8\u5c42\u6b21\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u8fdb\u884c\u4ea4\u4e92\uff0c\u800c\u65e0\u9700\u7406\u89e3\u5176\u5e95\u5c42\u7684\u590d\u6742\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n

      \u5f53\u4f60\u4f7f\u7528\u6c7d\u8f66\u65f6\uff0c\u65e0\u9700\u4e86\u89e3\u71c3\u6cb9\u55b7\u5c04\u7cfb\u7edf\u5185\u90e8\u5982\u4f55\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u4f60\u53ea\u9700\u77e5\u9053\u8e29\u4e0b\u6cb9\u95e8\u8e0f\u677f\u4f1a\u589e\u52a0\u901f\u5ea6\u5373\u53ef\u3002\u5728OOAD\u4e2d\uff0c\u62bd\u8c61\u901a\u8fc7\u63a5\u53e3\u548c\u62bd\u8c61\u7c7b\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u5b9e\u73b0\u7c7b\u5fc5\u987b\u9075\u5faa\u7684\u5951\u7ea6\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u786e\u4fdd\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n

      4. \u7ee7\u627f \ud83c\udf3f<\/h3>\n

      \u7ee7\u627f\u5141\u8bb8\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7c7b\u57fa\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e2a\u73b0\u6709\u7c7b\u521b\u5efa\u3002\u65b0\u7c7b\u7ee7\u627f\u7236\u7c7b\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4f46\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9a\u4e49\u5176\u81ea\u8eab\u72ec\u7279\u7684\u7279\u6027\u3002\u8fd9\u4fc3\u8fdb\u4e86\u4ee3\u7801\u91cd\u7528\uff0c\u5e76\u5efa\u7acb\u4e86\u5c42\u6b21\u5316\u5173\u7cfb\u3002<\/p>\n

      \u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u8003\u8651\u4e00\u4e2a\u52a8\u7269\u56ed\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u4f60\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3aAnimal<\/code>\u7684\u57fa\u7c7b\u3002\u7136\u540e\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u521b\u5efa\u50cfLion<\/code>\u548cEagle<\/code>\u8fd9\u6837\u7ee7\u627f\u81eaAnimal<\/code>\u7684\u7c7b\u3002\u4e24\u8005\u90fd\u5c06\u5171\u4eab\u8bf8\u5982\u8fdb\u98df\u548c\u7761\u7720\u7b49\u5171\u540c\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u4f46Lion<\/code>\u7c7b\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u5486\u54ee\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u800cEagle<\/code>\u7c7b\u5219\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2a\u98de\u884c\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n

      5. \u591a\u6001\u6027 \ud83c\udfad<\/h3>\n

      \u591a\u6001\u6027\u5141\u8bb8\u4e0d\u540c\u7c7b\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u8d85\u7c7b\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002\u5b83\u4f7f\u5f97\u5355\u4e00\u63a5\u53e3\u80fd\u591f\u8868\u793a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5e95\u5c42\u5f62\u5f0f\uff08\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\uff09\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\u5bf9\u4e8e\u521b\u5efa\u53ef\u6269\u5c55\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002<\/p>\n

      \u5728\u52a8\u7269\u56ed\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3amakeSound<\/code>\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u8c03\u7528\u5728\u4efb\u4f55Animal<\/code>\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e0a\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8be5\u5bf9\u8c61\u662fLion<\/code>\uff0c\u5b83\u4f1a\u5486\u54ee\u3002\u5982\u679c\u662fEagle<\/code>\uff0c\u5b83\u4f1a\u5c16\u53eb\u3002\u8c03\u7528\u4ee3\u7801\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u77e5\u9053\u52a8\u7269\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u7c7b\u578b\uff1b\u5b83\u53ea\u77e5\u9053\u52a8\u7269\u4f1a\u53d1\u51fa\u58f0\u97f3\u3002<\/p>\n

      OOAD \u8fc7\u7a0b\u6b65\u9aa4 \ud83d\ude80<\/h2>\n

      \u6267\u884c OOAD \u9700\u8981\u4e00\u79cd\u6709\u7eaa\u5f8b\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u8df3\u8fc7\u6b65\u9aa4\u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u8106\u5f31\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u540e\u671f\u96be\u4ee5\u4fee\u6539\u3002\u8be5\u8fc7\u7a0b\u901a\u5e38\u9075\u5faa\u4e0e\u7cfb\u7edf\u5f00\u53d1\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\u76f8\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\u3002<\/p>\n

      \u9636\u6bb5 1\uff1a\u9700\u6c42\u5206\u6790<\/h3>\n

      \u8fd9\u662f\u57fa\u7840\u3002\u56e2\u961f\u6536\u96c6\u6709\u5173\u7cfb\u7edf\u9700\u8981\u5b8c\u6210\u4ec0\u4e48\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u8fd9\u5305\u62ec\u4e0e\u5229\u76ca\u76f8\u5173\u8005\u4ea4\u8c08\u3001\u5ba1\u67e5\u6587\u6863\u4ee5\u53ca\u89c2\u5bdf\u5f53\u524d\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u6d41\u7a0b\u3002\u8f93\u51fa\u662f\u4e00\u7ec4\u6e05\u6670\u3001\u53ef\u8861\u91cf\u4e14\u53ef\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n

      \u9636\u6bb5 2\uff1a\u9886\u57df\u5efa\u6a21<\/h3>\n

      \u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c\u5206\u6790\u9636\u6bb5\u771f\u6b63\u5f00\u59cb\u3002\u56e2\u961f\u8bc6\u522b\u95ee\u9898\u9886\u57df\u4e2d\u7684\u5173\u952e\u6982\u5ff5\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6982\u5ff5\u6210\u4e3a\u7c7b\u7684\u5019\u9009\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6982\u5ff5\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u4e5f\u88ab\u8bc6\u522b\u51fa\u6765\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u7535\u5b50\u5546\u52a1\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u201c\u201d\u5ba2\u6237<\/code>\u201d\u548c\u4e00\u4e2a\u201c\u8ba2\u5355<\/code>.<\/p>\n

      \u7b2c\u4e09\u9636\u6bb5\uff1a\u8bbe\u8ba1\u67b6\u6784<\/h3>\n

      \u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u9ad8\u5c42\u7ed3\u6784\u88ab\u786e\u5b9a\u3002\u8fd9\u5305\u62ec\u51b3\u5b9a\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u5c42\u6b21\u7ed3\u6784\uff08\u8868\u793a\u5c42\u3001\u903b\u8f91\u5c42\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5c42\uff09\u4ee5\u53ca\u5b83\u4eec\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4ea4\u4e92\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u786e\u4fdd\u5173\u6ce8\u70b9\u5206\u79bb\uff0c\u4f7f\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u90e8\u5206\u90fd\u8d1f\u8d23\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u804c\u8d23\u3002<\/p>\n

      \u7b2c\u56db\u9636\u6bb5\uff1a\u8be6\u7ec6\u8bbe\u8ba1<\/h3>\n

      \u6b64\u9636\u6bb5\u6d89\u53ca\u5bf9\u524d\u4e00\u9636\u6bb5\u8bc6\u522b\u51fa\u7684\u7c7b\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\u8fdb\u884c\u7ec6\u5316\u3002\u5305\u62ec\u5b9a\u4e49\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u7b7e\u540d\u3001\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u548c\u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406\u7b56\u7565\u3002\u5728\u6b64\u9636\u6bb5\u53ef\u5e94\u7528\u8bbe\u8ba1\u6a21\u5f0f\u6765\u89e3\u51b3\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u91cd\u590d\u6027\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n

      \u7b2c\u4e94\u9636\u6bb5\uff1a\u5b9e\u73b0<\/h3>\n

      \u6700\u540e\uff0c\u8bbe\u8ba1\u88ab\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u4ee3\u7801\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u8fd9\u662f\u7f16\u7801\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u4f46OOAD\u539f\u5219\u6307\u5bfc\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u7f16\u5199\u6e05\u6670\u3001\u6709\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u4ee5\u53cd\u6620\u8bbe\u8ba1\u6a21\u578b\u3002<\/p>\n

      \u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff1a\u56fe\u8868 \ud83d\udcca<\/h2>\n

      \u6587\u5b57\u63cf\u8ff0\u901a\u5e38\u4e0d\u8db3\u4ee5\u89e3\u91ca\u590d\u6742\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u89c6\u89c9\u6a21\u578b\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u5229\u76ca\u76f8\u5173\u8005\u548c\u5f00\u53d1\u4eba\u5458\u7406\u89e3\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u548c\u884c\u4e3a\u3002\u7edf\u4e00\u5efa\u6a21\u8bed\u8a00\uff08UML\uff09\u662f\u521b\u5efa\u8fd9\u4e9b\u56fe\u8868\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
      \u56fe\u8868\u7c7b\u578b<\/th>\n\u76ee\u7684<\/th>\n\u91cd\u70b9<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
      \u7528\u4f8b\u56fe<\/strong><\/td>\n\u529f\u80fd\u9700\u6c42<\/td>\n\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\u53ca\u5176\u4e0e\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u4ea4\u4e92<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      \u7c7b\u56fe<\/strong><\/td>\n\u9759\u6001\u7ed3\u6784<\/td>\n\u7c7b\u3001\u5c5e\u6027\u3001\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u5173\u7cfb<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      \u987a\u5e8f\u56fe<\/strong><\/td>\n\u52a8\u6001\u884c\u4e3a<\/td>\n\u5bf9\u8c61\u968f\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u4ea4\u4e92<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      \u72b6\u6001\u673a\u56fe<\/strong><\/td>\n\u5bf9\u8c61\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f<\/td>\n\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u548c\u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u6362<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

      \u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u56fe\u8868\u53ef\u786e\u4fdd\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4eba\u90fd\u5bf9\u7cfb\u7edf\u6709\u5171\u540c\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u3002\u5b83\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6280\u672f\u4eba\u5458\u4e0e\u975e\u6280\u672f\u4eba\u5458\u5229\u76ca\u76f8\u5173\u8005\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u6c9f\u901a\u5de5\u5177\u3002<\/p>\n

      \u6709\u6548\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u5173\u952e\u539f\u5219 \u2699\ufe0f<\/h2>\n

      \u867d\u7136OOAD\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u4f46\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u539f\u7406\u6307\u5bfc\u7740\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u8d28\u91cf\u3002\u9075\u5faa\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6307\u5bfc\u539f\u5219\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u521b\u5efa\u5065\u58ee\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n

        \n
      • \u5355\u4e00\u804c\u8d23\u539f\u5219\uff1a<\/strong> \u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b\u5e94\u8be5\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u6539\u53d8\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b\u540c\u65f6\u5904\u7406\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u64cd\u4f5c\u548c\u7528\u6237\u754c\u9762\u903b\u8f91\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u627f\u62c5\u4e86\u8fc7\u591a\u804c\u8d23\u3002\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e9b\u804c\u8d23\u5206\u79bb\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u4ee3\u7801\u66f4\u6613\u4e8e\u6d4b\u8bd5\u548c\u4fee\u6539\u3002<\/li>\n
      • \u5f00\u95ed\u539f\u5219\uff1a<\/strong> \u8f6f\u4ef6\u5b9e\u4f53\u5e94\u5bf9\u5916\u6269\u5c55\u5f00\u653e\uff0c\u5bf9\u5185\u90e8\u4fee\u6539\u5c01\u95ed\u3002\u4f60\u5e94\u8be5\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u4e0d\u4fee\u6539\u73b0\u6709\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u6dfb\u52a0\u65b0\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u8fd9\u901a\u5e38\u901a\u8fc7\u7ee7\u627f\u6216\u63a5\u53e3\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002<\/li>\n
      • \u4f9d\u8d56\u5012\u7f6e\uff1a<\/strong> \u9ad8\u5c42\u6a21\u5757\u4e0d\u5e94\u4f9d\u8d56\u4f4e\u5c42\u6a21\u5757\u3002\u4e24\u8005\u90fd\u5e94\u4f9d\u8d56\u62bd\u8c61\u3002\u8fd9\u53ef\u4ee5\u964d\u4f4e\u8026\u5408\u5ea6\uff0c\u4f7f\u7ec4\u4ef6\u80fd\u591f\u88ab\u66ff\u6362\u800c\u4e0d\u7834\u574f\u6574\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

        \u5206\u6790\u4e0e\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff1a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u6bd4 \ud83c\udd9a<\/h2>\n

        \u4eba\u4eec\u5e38\u5e38\u6df7\u6dc6\u5206\u6790\u9636\u6bb5\u548c\u8bbe\u8ba1\u9636\u6bb5\u3002\u867d\u7136\u5b83\u4eec\u5bc6\u5207\u76f8\u5173\uff0c\u4f46\u5404\u81ea\u627f\u62c5\u7740\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u804c\u8d23\u3002\u7406\u89e3\u5b83\u4eec\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u533a\u522b\u5bf9\u4e8e\u9879\u76ee\u7ba1\u7406\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
        \u65b9\u9762<\/th>\n\u5206\u6790<\/th>\n\u8bbe\u8ba1<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
        \u91cd\u70b9<\/strong><\/td>\n\u95ee\u9898\u7a7a\u95f4<\/td>\n\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u7a7a\u95f4<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        \u95ee\u9898<\/strong><\/td>\n\u7cfb\u7edf\u505a\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f<\/td>\n\u7cfb\u7edf\u5982\u4f55\u5b9e\u73b0\uff1f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        \u6280\u672f<\/strong><\/td>\n\u72ec\u7acb<\/td>\n\u4f9d\u8d56<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        \u8f93\u51fa<\/strong><\/td>\n\u6982\u5ff5\u6a21\u578b<\/td>\n\u6280\u672f\u89c4\u8303<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        \u5229\u76ca\u76f8\u5173\u8005<\/strong><\/td>\n\u4e1a\u52a1\u7528\u6237<\/td>\n\u5f00\u53d1\u8005<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

        \u901a\u8fc7\u4fdd\u6301\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9636\u6bb5\u7684\u533a\u5206\uff0c\u56e2\u961f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u6295\u5165\u8d44\u6e90\u8fdb\u884c\u6280\u672f\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e4b\u524d\u9a8c\u8bc1\u9700\u6c42\u3002\u5982\u679c\u9700\u6c42\u5b58\u5728\u7f3a\u9677\uff0c\u5728\u7eb8\u4e0a\u4fee\u6539\u6bd4\u5728\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u4fee\u6539\u8981\u5bb9\u6613\u5f97\u591a\u3002<\/p>\n

        OOAD\u4e2d\u7684\u5e38\u89c1\u6311\u6218 \u26a0\ufe0f<\/h2>\n

        \u5c3d\u7ba1\u5177\u6709\u8bf8\u591a\u4f18\u52bf\uff0cOOAD\u4e5f\u5e76\u975e\u6ca1\u6709\u6311\u6218\u3002\u521d\u5b66\u8005\u5e38\u5e38\u4f1a\u9047\u5230\u963b\u788d\u8fdb\u5c55\u7684\u969c\u788d\u3002\u53ca\u65e9\u8bc6\u522b\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6311\u6218\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u89c4\u5212\u548c\u5e94\u5bf9\u3002<\/p>\n

        1. \u8fc7\u5ea6\u8bbe\u8ba1<\/h3>\n

        \u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u9ad8\u5ea6\u62bd\u8c61\u4e14\u7075\u6d3b\u7684\u67b6\u6784\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u8ba9\u4eba\u4e0a\u763e\u3002\u8fd9\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u4ee3\u7801\u590d\u6742\uff0c\u96be\u4ee5\u7406\u89e3\u4e0e\u7ef4\u62a4\u3002YAGNI\uff08\u4f60\u4e0d\u4f1a\u9700\u8981\u5b83\uff09\u539f\u5219\u5efa\u8bae\u53ea\u6709\u5728\u771f\u6b63\u9700\u8981\u65f6\u624d\u6dfb\u52a0\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n

        2. \u7d27\u5bc6\u8026\u5408<\/h3>\n

        \u8026\u5408\u6307\u7684\u662f\u8f6f\u4ef6\u6a21\u5757\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u76f8\u4e92\u4f9d\u8d56\u7a0b\u5ea6\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b\u4e25\u91cd\u4f9d\u8d56\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b\u7684\u5185\u90e8\u7ec6\u8282\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u5c31\u662f\u7d27\u5bc6\u8026\u5408\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5f97\u4fee\u6539\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b\u65f6\u5f88\u96be\u4e0d\u7834\u574f\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b\u3002\u677e\u6563\u8026\u5408\u662f\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u63a5\u53e3\u548c\u4f9d\u8d56\u6ce8\u5165\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n

        3. \u62bd\u8c61\u4e0d\u5f53<\/h3>\n

        \u521b\u5efa\u8fc7\u4e8e\u901a\u7528\u6216\u8fc7\u4e8e\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u62bd\u8c61\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5f15\u53d1\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u5982\u679c\u62bd\u8c61\u8fc7\u4e8e\u5177\u4f53\uff0c\u5c31\u7f3a\u4e4f\u53ef\u91cd\u7528\u6027\uff1b\u5982\u679c\u8fc7\u4e8e\u901a\u7528\uff0c\u5c31\u4f1a\u53d8\u5f97\u4ee4\u4eba\u56f0\u60d1\u3002\u627e\u5230\u5408\u9002\u7684\u62bd\u8c61\u5c42\u6b21\u9700\u8981\u7ecf\u9a8c\u548c\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u3002<\/p>\n

        4. \u5b66\u4e60\u66f2\u7ebf<\/h3>\n

        \u9762\u5411\u5bf9\u8c61\u5206\u6790\u4e0e\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff08OOAD\uff09\u9700\u8981\u601d\u7ef4\u65b9\u5f0f\u7684\u8f6c\u53d8\u3002\u4e60\u60ef\u4e8e\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5f0f\u7f16\u7a0b\u7684\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u6700\u521d\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u89c9\u5f97\u5bf9\u8c61\u6a21\u578b\u4e0d\u5408\u903b\u8f91\u3002\u9700\u8981\u8010\u5fc3\u548c\u7ec3\u4e60\u624d\u80fd\u771f\u6b63\u638c\u63e1\u591a\u6001\u6027\u548c\u5c01\u88c5\u7b49\u6982\u5ff5\u3002<\/p>\n

        \u91c7\u7528OOAD\u7684\u4f18\u52bf \ud83c\udf1f<\/h2>\n

        \u5f53\u6b63\u786e\u5e94\u7528\u65f6\uff0c\u8be5\u65b9\u6cd5\u8bba\u80fd\u5e26\u6765\u663e\u8457\u4f18\u52bf\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u597d\u5904\u8db3\u4ee5\u8bc1\u660e\u5b66\u4e60\u548c\u5b9e\u65bd\u5b83\u6240\u4ed8\u51fa\u7684\u52aa\u529b\u662f\u503c\u5f97\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

          \n
        • \u53ef\u7ef4\u62a4\u6027\uff1a<\/strong> \u4ee3\u7801\u88ab\u7ec4\u7ec7\u6210\u903b\u8f91\u5355\u5143\u3002\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e2d\u4fee\u590d\u4e00\u4e2a\u9519\u8bef\u901a\u5e38\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u5176\u4ed6\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002<\/li>\n
        • \u53ef\u91cd\u7528\u6027\uff1a<\/strong> \u7c7b\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u9879\u76ee\u6216\u6a21\u5757\u4e2d\u91cd\u590d\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u8fd9\u80fd\u8282\u7701\u65f6\u95f4\u5e76\u51cf\u5c11\u9519\u8bef\u3002<\/li>\n
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